Standards. Social manifestations less visible than roles, norms reflect the general expectations of role holders within a social system or subsystem. Standards explicitly imply or prescribe ethics that people create interactively and refer to to sanction behavior. As such, standards have a certain quality “should” or “must”. Norms, formal (through organizational procedures) or informal (through interpersonal relationships), shape the way roles are exercised. Here are some examples that we know: “commanders must be honest and fair”; “All officers are leaders;” “Senior non-commissioned officers should speak on behalf of the recruited population after getting to know them personally” and “The military decision-making process (MDMP) is the best way to approach planning for the United States. Army full-spectrum operations. Although their patient populations are very different from those who have undergone amputations due to vascular disease or diabetes, the work of military practitioners to improve the function of prosthetics for soldiers has implications for the civilian world. Some aspects of the technology eventually trickle down to less active patients, but the biggest impact is felt by younger, healthier patients who, like their uniformed counterparts, have suffered traumatic injuries. Effective professionals recognize that assimilative knowledge is the most difficult to question because its meaning and use can seem so rational that it is technically undeniable. George Bernard Shaw once defined this trap as a dangerous façade that can be created through the use of assimilative jargon, a phenomenon he described as a “conspiracy against laymen.” 36For Schön, the remedy for the undisputed belief in technical rationality is professional reflection in action, which is “at the heart of the art with which practitioners sometimes deal well with situations of uncertainty, instability and conflicts of values”. 37 Also, happy reading! I understand military advances in medical care as the daughter of a veteran.
It seems that the article mainly referred to physiotherapy and its success. Perhaps you should focus on the importance of this, more in the civilian population. QUOTE: Nel, M. 2017. Military Law Practitioner and Academic Discourse: A Sine Qua Non for the Development of Military Law. Scientia Militaria, South African Journal of Military Studies, 45(2):64–80, doi:10.5787/45-2-1212. An overly early decision on an action plan in the MDMP, in the Joint Capability Integration and Development System, or in a procurement system milestone approval process are examples of impulses to merge knowledge too quickly. The cultural inclination to use analytical decisions in the early stages of knowledge development can lead to the premature closure of attractive solutions rather than allowing accommodating knowledge to evolve.
The wise steward revises the impulse to rush into cost-benefit analysis or ORSA-type decisions when knowledge is explored.77 Effective military administrators allow for multiple perspectives and invite non-military sources to develop theories based on emerging forms that enhance double-loop learning. They also convince their political clients to fight the impulse to suppress and underfund activities in divergent and accommodating phases of professional knowledge development. The steward`s design task is therefore not only to promote professional action research and consideration of alternatives, but also to reduce or eliminate defensive routines that might interfere with double-loop learning.78 Like Owens, his patients are young, healthy and active, usually military. Whether they are injured in combat or on the basketball court, they are motivated to return to their units. No couch potatoes. Do not ignore physiotherapy. Historically, most advances in wartime prosthetics have occurred in a military environment. Since the beginning of this latest conflict, more than 1,000 amputations have been performed, Kirk said.
And these patients have the desire to return to a high level of activity. This, Kirk said, has led providers to help these patients achieve their physical activity goals. The military is an ideal system for studying young and active patient populations. But the benefits of military knowledge transfer for civilian lower limb practitioners don`t stop there. The Army Nurse Corps, which includes more than 11,000 men and women (including the Federal Reserve or National Guard), is one of six medical specialists that make up the U.S. Army`s medical department. “Family nurses are an essential part of providing primary health care to adults and children during humanitarian missions, other emergency operations, and peacetime,” according to the U.S. Army recruiting website. In an interview with ReachMD, Family Nurse Captain Linnea Axman spoke about her 25-year career in the Navy. She explains how she has worked in family medicine programs in naval medical facilities, refugee camps, in Kuwait in support of the Iraqi Freedom Project, and in a number of countries as part of the President`s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief.